Femeile din Romania – slab educate, prost platite, neimplicate in luarea deciziei

Comunicat de presa
CPE – Centrul Parteneriat pentru Egalitate
Bucuresti, 26 septembrie 2007

Diferente de salarizare intre femei si barbati continua sa existe in majoritatea domeniilor de activitate. Cea mai mare diferenta se inregistreaza in industrie, unde salariul barbatilor este cu peste 60% mai mare decat cel al femeilor. Chiar si in domenii feminizate, ca administratie publica si comert, salariile barbatilor sunt mai mari decat cele ale femeilor cu peste 15%.

Un numar semnificativ de angajati barbati acceseaza concediul pentru cresterea si ingrijirea copilului, insa, ponderea majoritara, de peste 70%, ramane reprezentata de femei.

Nivelul de educatie in randul femeilor este foarte scazut: aproape trei sferturi dintre femei au maxim 8 clase si numai 3% au absolvit studii superioare, in timp ce numarul celor care nu au nici un fel de studii se situeaza intre 5 si 12%. Comparativ, nivelul de instruire al barbatilor este mai ridicat decat cel al femeilor, 60% dintre acestia avand maxim 8 clase, iar 4% studii superioare. Discrepanta cea mai mare se inregistreaza in cazul analfabetilor, numarul femeilor fara nici o instruire fiind de 2,8 ori mai mare decat cel al barbatilor in judetul Botosani si de peste 4 ori mai mare in judetul Giurgiu.

Participarea femeilor la luarea deciziei in plan local ramane extrem de scazuta, ponderea femeilor in Consiliile Judetene fiind intre 6,5% si 24,2%.

La nivelul Inspectoratelor Teritoriale de Munca nu s-au inregistrat plangeri pe motiv de discriminare intre sexe.
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Petition for the parents of the Roma children…

Liberty and justice for the parents of the Roma children burnt to death in the fire of Livorno fire on August 10th, 2007

The EveryOne Group and the “Amici degli Angeli” are asking concerned for the immediate release of the parents of the young victims, as well as immediate assistance, starting with a home and state benefit. The groups also request an all-out inquiry against GAPE, a gang of racist murderers, who are responsible for this monstrous crime.

[SIGN ONLINE PETITION]
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oh, the things we find “unsurprising”

when the president of the country can call a journalist “stinky gypsy” and get off scott free, as long as he justifies it by arguing that he got angry, and anyway it was a private conversation between him and his wife…

here’s something else pretty horrifying: Bucharest mayor Neculai Ontanu was filmed scolding and attempting to “motivate” a city sanitation employee by putting out a cigarette in her palm, and the fact first gets “noticed” when blogger Andressa writes about it in her post “Incalificabil”. before she pointed out the mayor’s unspeakable action, it had gone completely uncommented, by the reporter within the news story on Prima TV which the footage was part of, or by anyone else… because to the population at large and to the mass media (as many of the ensuing commentary on Andressa’s blog shows), that kind of thing is just not surprising at all! (though even the most un-surprised can’t deny that sexism, racism, classism are at play there.)

Ioana Avadani from the Center for Independent Journalism then wrote about the story on her Hot News blog – (“Ontanu pe ‘plantatie'”/”Ontanu on the plantation”), and it finally became a news piece. Ontanu’s spokespeople are denying that he did what he is plainly doing in the footage – but also arguing, in his defense, that he was very very mad that the sanitation workers weren’t doing their job properly.

here’s the video:

you can write to Prima TV at office@primatv.ro (additional contact info), and to Ontanu at neculai_ontanu@ps2.ro (email addresses of his staff, his primaria sectorului 2 info page)

what affects us

two great posts over at feministe:

this one, on roma issues, by someone from greece (go read her blog)
— and this slightly older one, on feminists and femininity

but the former has 4 comments so far, while the latter… 587!

why do we, as women (feminists, anti-feminists, and anyone in between), get more passionate about matters of body image than anything else? why does what we look like or what we DON’T look like where femininity is concerned seem to constitute such a huge chunk of who we are, and why does it depend so strongly on what others look like or don’t look like by comparison?

personally, as i suggested in a comment on another feministe thread a while ago, i think that it’s not even so much what we look like, really, or how much we cater to “femininity” or not, in the end… it’s the lesson that we should care about this issue above all else that we absorb so well and can’t seem to stop following, in all kinds of different contexts, and that‘s what puts us in a bind, drives us crazy, encourages us to sometimes be ok with what we know is misogyny, and perpetuates it all.

that second post is titled “Something I never understood…” – but even if we don’t articulate it in our minds, i think we know what’s going on. this stuff affects us, and it’s disfunctional! we know very well that as a woman you may choose to comply with femininity – in which case you have it hard because the whole performance is not an easy thing to put on and maintain, and though you’ve complied you also become an object of scorn (as besides being the socially acceptable choice for women femininity is deemed silly, frivolous etc. etc. in the grand scheme of things), OR you may choose to not comply – in which case you will have it hard because you’re going against the grain and thus become an object of scorn, too. you can’t really win. and oftentimes these “choices” aren’t entirely up to you. and then there’s the degrees. and then, the battle with choosing which parts of oneself to appreciate and which to scorn. and so on… given all that, of course we, as women, feel compelled to judge other women so that we can feel at least temporarily good about whatever our choice has been, while knowing it won’t bring us complete comfort or contentment – can’t stop us from being women living in a patriarchy – anyway.

the system works so well precisely because it’s set up so that femmes can ridicule those who aren’t “feminine” enough, while those who’ve escaped the trappings of femininity can ridicule femmes, each in their own special (pointless, damaging) way. (and “feminists,” like anyone else, do ridicule and attack women who are typical “tools of the patriarchy” – or “sluts” or “happy hookers” or what have you… – to say it doesn’t happen, to say that kind of language is not used or that stance taken, is a lie or at best a delusion.) of course, neither stance disrupts the social order at all; they’re misogyny, at their core, and of course men, who are not women, have access to – and oftentimes make use of – both. the basis is the patriarchal system, which relies on 1. the gender binary and 2. the patriarchal value scale; and so, by definition, a woman must be feminine — BUT femininity is inferior and mockable — but NON-femininity is mockable and not ok in women –> and the vicious cycle continues, reinforced by men and women.

my question is – why isn’t feminism helping us to break out of that cycle for ourselves? shouldn’t it, after all?! (and i think that’s essentially the same question as renegade evolution‘s in that much commented post.)

however, my other question is: why do we waste so much time and energy on stuff that’s ultimately not what we want to care about?

must read post & discussion

Feminism & Prison Reform (or Feminism vs. Prison Reform?) @ feministe

but i’d say that the work of people like angela davis and elaine brown shows that feminist and prison justice activism can fit together very well indeed… because (or if) they are based on the same incentive of addressing injustice in the short and long term.

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some additional relevant info can be found in this older post on the history and problems with the feminist anti-violence movement
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si ceva ce comentam eu recent pe lista (discutia ar putea continua):

… in cazul organizatiilor care printre altele ofera concret servicii sociale faza cu “legaturile institutionale” e un pic diferita, si voi da un exemplu la ce ma refer: un centru de rape crisis, de ex., oricit de radical ar fi (deci sa zicem daca e unul din cele intr-adevar putine care evita cit mai mult problemele celor f. “ongiste” si axate strict pe asistenta sociala, nu pe schimbare radicala), deci *orice* centru de rape crisis trebuie sa aiba o “legatura”, printre altele, cu *politia*… dar realitatea e ca aceasta “legatura cu politia” este una pe care cred ca n-o intelegi exact daca nu ai fost la spital cu o survivor care fara tine ar fi trebuit sa interactioneze ea direct cu politia in mijloc de criza, dar tu ca “advocate” erai singura persoana care putea ajuta, putea sa medieze asa incit de fapt victima sa-si stie drepturile si sa NU trebuiasca sa se lase pe mina politiei… si daca nu stii ca de fapt “legatura formalizata cu politia” a centrului respectiv nu e nici pe departe una de amicitie si nici de colaborare, ci de suspiciune reciproca – dar macar tu ca advocate ai o putere, sau posibilitatea de a exercita presiune… si legatura asta nu e pentru ca tie iti place de politie sau de institutii ci pentru ca *trebuie* sa fie daca persoanele in criza vor primi vreun ajutor… ideea e ca ce inseamna “legatura” depinde. si ca pina la utopie cind totul va fi asa cum vrem, sint multi oameni pe care ca activisti ori ii consideram din start victime colaterale ori putem sa ne luptam sa aiba acces la resurse – iar activismul pt. schimbare NU inseamna neaparat abandonarea celor care au avut nenorocul sa fie afectati mai tare de sistemul curent. … chiar dimpotriva… sigur, e o discutie lunga despre tactici radicale vs. tactici reformiste si tot restul…

[zina lf-ro#2] Ecofeminism

The animals of the earth exist for their own reasons. They were not created for humans any more than women were created for men, or blacks for whites. — Alice Walker
Notiunea de „ecofeminism” poate fi descrisa cel mai bine ca o umbrela pentru diverse teorii si practici ce tin deopotriva de feminism si ecologism, bazate pe constientizarea relatiei dintre felul in care atat femeile cat si animalele sunt „alterizate” de ideologia dominanta pentru a justifica gama de atitudini patriarhale la care ele sunt supuse conform traditiilor si conventiilor socio-culturale. Critica ecofeminista puncteaza ca dezumanizarea femeilor si altor grupuri de oameni va exista si va functiona in societate atata timp cat consideram ca „alte” fiinte sunt automat la dispozitia oamenilor asa incat noi, cei din oficiu „superiori”, sa gasim scuze pentru a nu ne comporta etic si echitabil fata de cei „inferiori”, pentru a nega drepturile acestor fiinte si a ne folosi de ele oricum gasim de cuviinta in propriile noastre interese. Ideea e ca exploatarile se intrepatrund si nu pot fi separate sau eliminate altfel decat impreuna; iar societatea patriarhala si ierarhica depinde de dominatia fata de tot ce este privit ca fiind „aproape de natura” si deci considerat inferior si exploatabil: femeile (si in diferite contexte orice categorie de fiinte umane „de rangul al doilea” – persoane de culoare, din tari ale estului si sudului global, din medii rurale…) ca si animalele, resursele din natura si mediul in general.
Scopurile principale ale feminismului nu sunt aceleasi cu cele asociate de obicei cu feminismul liberal. Ecofeministele(-istii) nu urmaresc o simpla egalitate a femeilor cu barbatii, ci o schimbare radicala ce presupune, printre altele, eliberarea femeilor ca femei si recunoasterea valorii unor activitati traditional asociate cu femeile (cum are fi cele din sfera domestica). O problema care intervine aici este ca prin accentul pus pe revendicarea de catre femei a unor aspecte ale „feminitatii” traditionale, ecofeminismul poate insemna o intarire a stereotipurilor opresive si tinde spre esentializarea sexelor. Sau nu.

Femeile si natura
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[zina lf-ro#2] Feminism “made in China”

[english version here]

Am o prietena care s-a intors acum vreo 3 saptamani din Noua Zeelanda. Impreuna cu tone de povesti si fotografii minunate ale padurilor, muntilor si vailor, ea mi-a adus o mica revista feminista: MUSE – “o zina din Wellington, care incearca sa acorde spatiu vocilor tinerelor feministe din Aotearoa (denumirea Maori pentru Noua Zeelanda)”. Sa o citesc a fost pentru mine o experienta aproape mistica, pentru ca parea atat de strain si exotic sa stiu ca aceasta mica fanzina venea dintr-o tara atat de indepartata, despre care nu stiam nimic. Asa ca ma bucuram sa am o experienta directa cu anumite subiecte, pe care le mentionam in mod obisnuit doar ca pe fapte teoretice generale (precum „restul lumii” sau „Asia”) si despre care nu prea aveam cunostinte. Realizez din ce in ce mai bine cat de centrata pe valorile europene am crescut. Realizez cum lipsa mea de prejudecati inca vocifereaza sfios de sub o patura groasa de egocentrism, importanta proprie si auto-indulgenta, devenita deja „intrinseca” civilizatiei noastre occidentale. Eforturile exprimate de articolele scrise de catre femei in MUSE nu sunt de cealalta parte a planetei doar din punct de vedere geografic, dar si foarte departe de problemele cu care ne luptam noi aici. Si mi-am dat seama ca lupta mea pentru egalitate si dreptate poate deveni, fara ca eu sa intentionez asta si fara sa-mi dau seama, un dusman al luptei pentru egalitate si dreptate a altor femei, aflate in zone straine si indepartate. Precum efectul fluturelui… cauzat in special de lipsa de informare asupra acestor experiente, culturi si viziuni politice “exotice”. Unul dintre articole vorbeste despre cum experientele femeilor asiatice in spatii feministe au fost adeseori concentrate in intregime pe analiza de gen si a raportului femei-barbati, si cum de multe ori ele simteau ca “dinamica dintre femeile albe si cele de culoare este de cele mai multe ori lasata deoparte”. De asemenea, se spune ca “inca si mai putin discutat este impactul pe care drepturile femeilor albe liberale l-au avut [si probabil inca il mai au] asupra femeilor de culoare”.
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more normalized bigoted violence

Lesbians sentenced for self-defense
All-white jury convicts Black women

By Imani Henry
New York
Published Jun 21, 2007 2:58 AM

On June 14, four African-American women—Venice Brown (19), Terrain Dandridge (20), Patreese Johnson (20) and Renata Hill (24)—received sentences ranging from three-and-a-half to 11 years in prison. None of them had previous criminal records. Two of them are parents of small children.

Their crime? Defending themselves from a physical attack by a man who held them down and choked them, ripped hair from their scalps, spat on them, and threatened to sexually assault them—all because they are lesbians.

The mere fact that any victim of a bigoted attack would be arrested, jailed and then convicted for self-defense is an outrage. But the length of prison time given further demonstrates the highly political nature of this case and just how racist, misogynistic, anti-gay, anti-youth and anti-worker the so-called U.S. justice system truly is.

The description of the events, reported below, is based on written statements by a community organization (FIERCE) that has made a call to action to defend the four women, verbal accounts from court observers and evidence from a surveillance camera.

The attack

On Aug. 16, 2006, seven young, African-American, lesbian-identified friends were walking in the West Village. The Village is a historic center for lesbian, gay, bi and trans (LGBT) communities, and is seen as a safe haven for working-class LGBT youth, especially youth of color.
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from the global feminist newswire

Egypt Moves to Ban Female Genital Mutilation (6/29/2007)
Egypt’s health ministry announced yesterday that it would close a legal loophole allowing female genital mutilation (FGM), days after a 12-year-old girl died from the procedure…

UNFPA Briefing on New Report Focuses on Urbanization (6/28/2007)
The United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) released its annual report on the State of World Population at a briefing this week at the National Press Club…

Setback for Saudi Business Women (6/28/2007)
Under new segregation rules, female bankers in Saudi Arabia are being separated from their male counterparts and supervisors…

New Anti-Rape Law in Thailand (6/25/2007)
The National Legislative Assembly of Thailand approved a new law last week that criminalizes marital rape…

Colombia to Pass Law Giving Rights to Same-Sex Couples (6/18/2007)
With backing from President Alvaro Uribe, a Colombian bill giving same-sex couples rights to health insurance, inheritance, and social security that recently passed by a 62-43 vote in Congress is likely to become law…

Fatal Shooting Outside Afghan Girls’ School (6/14/2007)
Two gunmen killed two girls and wounded six others, including a teacher, outside a girls’ school in Logar Province, Afghanistan on Tuesday…

Over 100 Women Activists Arrested in Zimbabwe (6/13/2007)
More than 100 members of Women of Zimbabwe Arise (WOZA) were arrested June 11 in Filabusi, Zimbabwe during a peaceful demonstration to launch the Peoples’ Charter, which includes demands for social rights and liberties…

Kuwaiti Women Barred from Working at Night (6/13/2007)
The Kuwaiti Parliament unanimously passed a law earlier this week to restrict women’s rights by restricting the hours that women are allowed to work…

Ministers in UK Government Draft New Anti-Discrimination Legislation (6/12/2007)
The United Kingdom government published today a consultation document that included proposals for a Single Equality Bill that will cover England, Wales, and Scotland…

Mozambique Considers Lifting Abortion Ban to Protect Women’s Lives (6/11/2007)
In order to improve the health and safety of women, policymakers in Mozambique have announced that they will consider lifting the country’s ban on abortion…

Afghan Radio Owner and Reporter Killed (6/6/2007)
Zakia Zaki, the owner and manager of Peace Radio and a headmaster of a girls’ school in Parwan province, was shot dead inside her home early this morning…

Report Links Discrimination Against Women and HIV Infection Rates (5/31/2007)
Physicians for Human Rights released a report on Friday demonstrating that discriminatory views against women contribute to the spread of HIV…

Mexican Supreme Court Will Consider New Abortion Law (5/31/2007)
The Mexican Supreme Court announced on Tuesday that it will hear a case filed by the National Human Right’s Commission (NHRC) and the Attorney General’s Office to determine whether Mexico City’s law allowing abortion in the first three months of pregnancy is constitutional…

Women’s Rights Activist Suspended from Afghan Parliament (5/22/2007)
Women’s rights activist and lawmaker Malalai Joya, a 29-year-old from the Farah province, was suspended from the Afghan Parliament yesterday after she described the Parliament as a barn full of animals…

and more…

[zina lf-ro#2] “Reimaginarea justitiei sociale de jos in sus: Includerea experientelor femeilor rome”

Pentru note de subsol, referinte si intregul text al lucrarii:
– http://projects.essex.ac.uk/EHRR/archive/pdf/51.pdf –
Alexandra Oprea, “Re-invisioning Social Justice from the Ground Up: Including the Experiences of Romani Women“

[Lucrarea se concentreaza pe excluderea femeilor rome din discursurile feministe si anti-rasiste dominante (in mainstream) in Europa. Aceasta excludere este atribuita intersectionalitatii si politicilor de identitate problematice. Autoarea discuta invizibilitatea femeilor rome perpetuata de programe si rapoarte ale organizatiilor ne-guvernamentale (ONG-uri) si explica absenta femeilor rome din discursuri rome si feministe, privirea ne-critica asupra culturii rome si vulnerabilitatea femeilor rome din Romania la violenta domestica. Textul pune accentul pe faptul ca analiza problemelor sociale trebuie facuta de jos in sus, luand in considerare experientele celor care intampina greutati multiple, cum ar fi femeile rome sarace. In concluzie, lucrarea discuta importanta recunoasterii privilegiilor ca fundatie a unor discursuri si a unei cercetari atotcuprinzatoare.]

Femeile rome neglijate de politicile anti-rasiste, politicile feministe si ONG-uri locale si internationale
Dinamicile care tin de rasa, clasa economica si gen plaseaza femeile rome intr-o pozitie precara, a carei consecinta sunt de multe ori casatoria timpurie, lipsa de acces la munca decenta, la servicii de sanatate si la educatie precum si o vulnerabilitate mai mare la violenta domestica. Date statistice dezagregate, o unealta esentiala pentru a adresa acest tip de subordonare structurala, s-au dovedit a fi greu de colectionat in cazul femeilor rome. Deoarece astfel de date sunt adeseori colectionate pe criteriul rasa sau pe criteriul gen, ele nu reflecta cu exactitate situatia femeilor rome. Excluziunea ubicua produsa de rasism, sexism si saracie inseamna de multe ori un acces redus la sfera politica pentru femeile rome. In afara de barierele de rasa, clasa si gen care le impiedica pe femeile rome de la a deveni activiste, odata ce au inceput sa-si implementeze propriile idealuri activiste anti-patriarhale, constructia problematica a politicilor de gen si rasa, in Europa si in alte zone, face ca, in cel mai bun caz, munca lor sa fie relegata la periferie. Cand femeile rome reusesc sa treaca peste aceste obstacole si sa participe in ONG-uri, ele descopera ca problemelor lor nu li se acorda aceeasi importanta ca problemelor “mainstream” ce ii privesc pe romi. Munca efectuata de femei rome pentru a combate tripla marginalizare nu este considerata a face parte din “politici rome”. De asemenea, nu i se acorda respect ca politica de gen, din moment ce priveste romnia [femei rome], care sunt considerate “tigani” si nu femei. Practic vorbind, discursurile feministe din Europa ignora existenta femeilor rome si altor femei minoritare atunci cand propovaduiesc doctrinele de “imputernicire” de gen. Cei doi termeni, “roma” si “femei”, au fost construiti in asa fel incat nu sunt considerati a avea intersectii.
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